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漩渦式氣體質量流量計測量原理

作者：青天仪表编辑：青天小编来源：質量流量計廠家发布日期： 2020.03.06

信息摘要：

隨著科學技術的發展,工業生産對流量測量的准確性要求越來越高,尤其是氣體和氣液兩相流的質量流量測量,已經成爲一項前沿性難題。單組分的氣體流量還…

隨著科學技術的發展,工業生産對流量測量的准確性要求越來越高,尤其是氣體和氣液兩相流的質量流量測量,已經成爲一項前沿性難題。單組分的氣體流量還有熱式質量流量計可以應用,而對于變組分的氣體質量測量目前尚無成熟的流量計可以應用。漩渦式氣體質量流量計是在深入研究卡曼渦街原理基礎上而開發的。流量計的核心是傳感器和雙通道信號檢測電路。

漩渦式氣體質量流量計測量原理

漩渦是一種流動現象,在充滿流體的管道中垂直于流體流向插入一個漩渴發生體,當流體的流量增大到一定程度時,會在漩渦發生體的下遊側形成一系列的漩渦,並且漩渦發生體兩側産生的漩渦是周期交替出現的,如圖1所示。

当产生的稳定漩涡列满足公式h=1.3b((h是两涡列之间的距离)时,漩涡发生的频率f与被测流体的流速之间有以下关系:f=St*v1/b (1)式中:v为漩涡发生体两侧的平均流速;b为漩涡发生体迎流面的ZUI大宽度;St为斯特劳哈尔数(无量纲,漩涡发生体的形状确定后,在一定的雷诺数范围内为常数)。此时,流过管道和漩涡发生体两侧的流体体积流量qv为:qv=A1*b/St*f (2)式中:A1爲管道漩渦發生體兩側的流通截面積。

目前的漩渦流量計就是采用上述原理來測量流量的。伴隨著漩渦的産生,在漩渦發生體的周圍産生循環流,當漩渦在發生體一側分離時,發生體受到的橫向變動升力FLf大小爲：FLf=士CLf×0.5pv12So (3)式中,CLf爲橫向升力系數;p爲被測流體密度;So爲漩渦發生體在流動方向上的投影面積。

(3)式除以(1)式可以消掉一個公共變量p1,得出質量流量qm:FLf/土bSoCLf/2St*pv1=Kpv1=Kqm

根據(4)式,當儀表系數K爲常數時,FLf和f之商就表示被測流體的質量流量qm。而在漩渦發生體的幾何形狀確定後,b、So、CLf都是常數,當被測流體的流速大到一定程度時,St也爲常數,故K是一常數。這就是漩渦式質量流量計的測量原理詳細的實驗資料表明,CLf是雷諾數Re和漩渴發生體形狀的函數,如圖2所示,其中當漩渦發生體的形狀爲梯形、矩形、三角形時,橫向升力系數分別爲0.92,0.62,0.80。綜上所述,如果實現了f和FLf的測量,並進行除法運算,就能進行質量流量的測量。

漩渦式氣體質量流量計測量原理2

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漩渦式氣體質量流量計測量原理

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